Artificial Limbs throughout the years
424 B.C: Artificial Leg
600 B.C: First prosthetic toe -
1500's: First prosthetic hand
and Amputation is introduced -
1696: Non-locking knee -
424 B.C- Artificial leg was made of bronze and iron with a wooden core which was meant for below the knee amputee.
600 B.C- The first prosthetic toe was made in the early years before 600 B.C on a mummified foot. A toe made out of wood being attached to the foot by a string
1500- First person to have a prosthetic hand out of iron was Gotz Von
Berlichingen
1529- Amputation was introduced into the Medical world by Ambroise Pare.
1696- First non-locking below knee prosthesis was developed by Peter Verduyn.
1800's: Improvement in artificial limbs -
1900's: Prosthetic arms -
1800- James Potts designed a prosthesis that was made out of a wooden socket and shank which was for the knee and foot.
1843- James Syme invented a new method of an ankle amputation in which one did not need to have their thigh amputated. This meant that they could use a foot prosthesis instead of having to use a leg prosthesis.
1846- Benjamin Palmer improved the way prosthesis worked by adding an anterior spring, smooth appearance and concealed tendons in order for the prosthesis to seem natural.
1857-William Selvo patented a prosthetic arm which made use of muscular motion from the opposite. The arm prosthetic functioned when a system of cords enabled the user to activate the prosthetic fingers.
1858- The doctor Bly’s anatomical leg was invented and patented by Douglas Bly which was known as one of “the most completed and successful inventions ever attained in artificial limbs.”
1863- An advanced form of prosthesis was invented by Dubois Parmlee that included a suction socket, polycentric knee and multi-articulated foot.
1868- Gustav Herman recommended replacing steel with aluminum to make artificial limbs lighter and easier to function with
2012: New Prosthetics -
1912-Marcel Desoutter invents the first aluminum prosthesis after he lost his leg in an airplane accident. His brother, Charles, who was an engineer helped him with the process.
1960- A functional prosthetic arm was made by the Russians.
1960-Americans create the first functional moving prosthetic arm.
2013: 3-D printed prosthetic hand -
2012- With the help of advanced technology a new type of prosthetics was developed named motor-powered prosthetics to increase balance and better movement.
2014: bilateral shoulder-level amputee -
2015: Next generation -
2013- A custom 3-D printed prosthetic hand was made for a 5 year old boy, born without fingers on one hand.
2014- A Colorado man made history when he became the first bilateral shoulder-level amputee to wear and simultaneously control two Modular Prosthetic Limbs.
2016: Prosthetic skin -
2015- Johns Hopkins University developed a next-generation prosthetic this year, which is a robotic arm with 26 joints that can curl up 45 pounds and is controlled by a person’s mind just like a regular arm.
2016- To this day scientist and researchers specifically at Stanford University and the Palo Alto Research center are working to create prosthetic skin to simulate the feeling of touch for people that have lost it in a certain limb. There has also been a new phase of dexterous hands being developed with bio-mimetically oriented and bio-inspired functionalities with skill managements and comfortable grasping capability.